In terms of bone health, osteoporosis was significantly associated with lower CA125 levels in premenopausal women by crude linear regression (− 31.13%, p = 0.049) and showed similar trend in postmenopausal women via both univariable linear regression (− 1.69%, p = 0.750) and logistic regression (OR = 0.938, p = 0.905). Here, MUC16 is linked to osteoporosis.