Chronic benign medical conditions including endometriosis, fibroids, and those associated with ascites or inflammation such as heart failure, liver cirrhosis and ulcerative colitis, have been reported to be associated with higher CA125 levels, while osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and hyperlipidemia have been reported to be associated with lower CA125 levels [8–10]. The gene discussed is MUC16; the disease is endometriosis.