Therefore, this study was undertaken to establish TO-CS/Alg-NCs with improved physicochemical characteristics and cytotoxicity against two invasive breast carcinoma cell lines, hormone-dependent MCF-7 (ER+ and PR+) and basal-like MDA-MB-231 (TNBC), both of which are invasive breast carcinoma cells. The gene discussed is ESR1; the disease is invasive breast carcinoma.