The single-arm phase II NeoTPD01 study evaluated the anti-PD-1 inhibitor toripalimab (240 mg) combined with carboplatin (area under the curve 5) and pemetrexed (500 mg/m2) or nab-paclitaxel (260 mg/m2) every three weeks for three cycles as a neoadjuvant treatment in 33 Asian patients with resectable stage IIIA or IIIB (T3N2) NSCLC. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.