TNF and osteoarthritis: In addition, a correlation between diet, musculoskeletal pain, and inflammatory status has been found, suggesting that appropriate nutritional intervention could alleviate musculoskeletal pain, especially in patients with osteoarthritis, by reducing levels of inflammatory markers, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) [37].