It might also be noted that the protective impact of macular pigmentation—comprised of the xanthophyll carotenoids lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin, available as nutraceuticals—on AMD risk, suggests that photo-oxidative damage to retinal photoreceptors either promotes RPE deficit of Dicer1, or amplifies the pro-inflammatory signaling downstream from Dicer1 deficiency [117]. The gene discussed is DICER1; the disease is age-related macular degeneration.