Multiple research studies on carotenoids have shown that the therapeutic potential of carotenoids in blood cancer is attributed to various mechanisms such as activation of AMPK, expression of autophagy biochemical markers (p62/LC3-II), activation of Keap1-Nrf2/EpRE/ARE signaling pathway, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), increased level of reactive oxygen species, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (c-PARP), c-caspase-3, -7, decreased level of Bcl-xL, cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and decreasing STAT3 expression. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm.