CSF2 and breast carcinoma: After preliminary studies showing encouraging signs of activity, NP-S has been tested in a phase IIb study, including 275 patients with HER2-low and either node-positive or HR-negative (i.e., TNBC) breast cancer; adjuvant NP-S + GM-CSF and trastuzumab were compared to trastuzumab with GM-CSF alone [76,80].