CD274 and renal cell carcinoma: For instance, antibiotics use shortly before, during, or after treatment with αPD1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies resulted in significantly lower progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with epithelial cancers (nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and urothelial cancer) when compared to those who had not received antibiotics [63].