It has been established that leukemic stem cells (LSC) in CML express CXCR4 and utilize the CXCL12–CXCR4 signaling pathway; CXCL12 from mesenchymal stromal cells helps to maintain the LSC in a quiescent G0 state, which renders these BCR-ABL+ LSC resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Here, CXCR4 is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.