Ongoing clinical trials evaluating neoadjuvant immunotherapy in patients with stage I-III, resectable NSCLC, have shown that PD-1/PD-L1-targeting ICIs have excellent activity and tolerability compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, including higher rates of pathological complete response (pCR) [78], and are, therefore, likely to find a role in the treatment of early-stage NSCLC [79]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.