The generation of the so-called “radiosensitivity index” (RSI) forms a predictive signature of response to radiotherapy treatment composed of the AR, cJUN, STAT1, PKC, RELA, ABCc, SUMO1, CDK1, HDAC1, and IRF1 genes, which has been subsequently validated in cohorts of patients with breast cancer, head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, rectal cancer, and glioblastoma multiforme [50,67,68]. The gene discussed is HDAC1; the disease is esophageal cancer.