However, consistent with our findings, the utility of KIM-1 in combination with two other biomarkers, alpha-1-microglobulin (α1M) and retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4), to differentiate CKD cases from healthy individuals was shown by Fernando et al. [21], with an overall sensitivity of ≥0.867 and specificity ≥0.765. This evidence concerns the gene RBP4 and chronic kidney disease.