Subsequent studies have shown that cells deficient in caspase-1/-11 or caspase-8/RIPK3 still undergo cell death in response to the infection, while cells deficient in caspase-1/-11/-8/RIPK3 [10] or cells deficient in caspase-1/-11/-12/-8/RIPK3 [135] are protected from cell death. Here, RIPK3 is linked to infection.