Figure 7 illustrates that sulforaphane suppresses the nicotine-induced MMP-9 by inhibiting ROS-mediated MAPK (Erk1/2, p38 MAPK)/AP-1 and ROS-mediated NF-κB signaling axes, which in turn inhibit cell invasion in human gastric cancer AGS cells. The gene discussed is MMP9; the disease is gastric cancer.