Consistent with this, MIAT was markedly elevated in the serum and advanced carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques of patients with symptoms of vulnerable carotid atherosclerotic plaques as well as in serum and macrophages of necrotic cores in aortic atherosclerotic lesions of an advanced atherosclerosis mouse model [111,112] compared to non-atherosclerotic control arteries, mediating pro-inflammatory signalling through KLF4 [112]. The gene discussed is KLF4; the disease is atherosclerosis.