PECAM1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Tomashow et al. found different profiles of EEVs expression in COPD patients: in particular, increased CD31+ EEVs (“apoptotic endothelium”) in emphysema with mild airflow obstruction, and predominant CD62E+ EEVs (“activated endothelium”) in severe obstruction with hyperinflation (i.e., pathological gas entrapment in the lung, leading to mechanical impairment in lung emptying during physiological expiration, and thus worsening dyspnea) [36].