To evaluate the circulating AKR1B10 as a biomarker of NAFLD progression relatively independent of renal dysfunction, we measured plasma AKR1B10 levels in an independent cohort that included healthy control subjects and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a spectrum of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The gene discussed is AKR1B10; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.