IL1B and atherosclerosis: Interleukin (IL)-1β is an important mediator of inflammatory responses, driving the expression of mediators such as cyclooxygenase-2, IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) signaling pathway, which all contribute to the development of vascular remodeling and atherosclerosis [3,4,5,6].