AKT1 and neoplasm: The effects of cAMP on tumour progression, mitochondrial functions, and the transcription of oncogenes, including p53, are extensive, with cAMP accumulation resulting in increased activity of pathways including the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/ protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway [18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27].