In 2015, Rienksma et al. reported that after 24 h of infection with the Danish BCG SSI 1331 strain, THP-1 cells were enriched in multiple pathways associated with the innate immune responses, with the three most upregulated pathways including those associated with IFN-α/β signaling, IFN-γ signaling, and the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)- melanoma differentiation-associated protein five (MDA5)-mediated induction of the IFN-α/β pathways [33]. Here, RIGI is linked to infection.