NLRP3 and rheumatoid arthritis: After exposure of macrophages isolated from the blood of RA patients to ACPA, the interaction between CD147 and integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) was enhanced in these cells, leading to activation of the downstream Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway and subsequent induction of NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) and expression of pro-IL-1β.