Furthermore, MAIT cells express receptors for IL-12, IL-18, IL-15 and type I IFN (Lamichhane et al. 2020; Ussher et al. 2014), and are activated by these cytokines to respond rapidly during viral infection (Lal et al. 2020; Maleki et al. 2021; van Wilgenburg et al. 2016). Here, IL18 is linked to viral infectious disease.