Mechanistically, the activation of NOD‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes and subsequent release of IL‐1β can promote UUO‐induced renal fibrosis, but gemigliptin, an anti‐hyperglycaemic agent, inhibits the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes induced by TGF‐β/NF‐κB signalling, thereby downregulating fibrosis genes and protecting renal function.90 The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is renal fibrosis.