Anti-TIMP1 autoantibody can diagnose ESCC patients from normal controls in most subgroups (p < 0.05), but it failed to distinguish ESCC patients from normal controls in patients with lymphatic metastasis, a history of family tumor, different degrees of differentiation, and patients younger than 60 years old as well as male patients (p > 0.05) (Figures 6A–N). Here, TIMP1 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.