It was found that IL 8-mediated production of IL 6 and TGF 1 promotes the binding of STAT3 to the AUF 1 promoter, reducing p16, p21 and p53 levels, leading to activation of mammary stromal fibroblasts and inducing CSC formation in breast cancer (Al-Khalaf et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and breast carcinoma.