Moreover, TNF-α activates caspase-3 that leads to gastric cell apoptosis (Park et al. 2000) and ulcer formation; this was in agreement with Zhang et al. (2020), who mentioned that BPA can also increase the expression of IL-6 by upregulation of NF-κB (Zhang et al. 2020). This evidence concerns the gene CASP3 and ulcer disease.