CSF3 and cancer: Evidence-based guidelines from societies based in the US (ASCO and NCCN) and Europe (ESMO) align in their recommendations and advise that G-CSFs, such as filgrastim and pegfilgrastim, should be used as prophylaxis for FN in patients with cancer who are at high risk of FN and receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy.1,8,16 G-CSF is recommended as primary prophylaxis when a chemotherapy regimen carries a high risk (≥20%) of FN and in patients with an intermediate risk (10-20%) if they have ≥1 risk factor.1,8,16