Additionally, in recent times, anti-vasoendothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) antibody treatment has become widespread in many facilities in Japan; this can be seen in the data captured throughout the length of this study (9.2% [380/4136 cases], Supplementary Fig. S4), and thus treatment for ROP may be increasing due to the convenience of this treatment. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and retinopathy of prematurity.