HIF1A and breast carcinoma: These exosomes inhibit the interaction between the prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and prevent the hydroxylation and degradation of HIF-1α after fusion with breast cancer cells via HISLA transfer [91]; HIF-1α is an oxygen-sensing transcription factor that determines the type of glucose consumption by oxidation or glycolysis [92].