IRAK4 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: In C. rodentium-accelerated T1D, the activation of MyD88/NF-κB-NLRP3 pathway was further enhanced in CRAMP defective Cnlp-/- diabetic mice, while CRAMP treatment significantly inhibited MyD88/IRAK-4/TRAF-6 and their downstream p-JNK/p-NF-κB/NLRP3/IL-1β-IL-18 signals in the colon (Figure S15).