Approximately three days after inoculation (when the CT26 tumor volumes reached ~30 mm3), the tumor-bearing BALB/c mice were divided into groups and administered either vehicle (PBS), PEG-aPDL1, PEG-MP9, or PEG-MP9-aPDL1 via intravenous injection once every two days (adjusted to an equivalent dose of 3 mg/kg MP9 peptide) (Figure 6A). Here, DDX53 is linked to neoplasm.