As revealed in Figs. 6G-6J, compared to the cn-EVs group, the number of NG2+Ki67+ and APC+Ki67+ cells in kd-EVs group was decreased (p < 0.01) and nearly similar to the level of PBS group, indicating miR-23a-5p knockdown in M2-EVs reversed the effect of promoting oligodendrogenesis after ischemic stroke. Here, MKI67 is linked to ischemic stroke.