Recent studies have shown that the high glucose environment in GDM mothers can stimulate the secretion of various cytokines (such as insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1/2, leptin, adiponectin, etc.)from the placenta into the fetus via umbilical vein and, in combination with high glucose in utero, stimulate the synthesis of fat in the fetus, thus causing fetal overgrowth (25–28). This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and gestational diabetes.