Interestingly, these findings are reminiscent of our previously published data showing that AP-1 was also the major transcription factor for Ras-induced p62 mRNA expression in the tumor epithelium (Duran et al., 2008), which suggests that AP-1 is a hotspot for the upregulation of p62 by oncogenic transformation in the epithelium and its downregulation in the stroma. The gene discussed is FOS; the disease is neoplasm.