REN and atrial fibrillation: HFpEF is alway associated with left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction, which results in increased LV end‐diastolic pressure, followed by increased left atrial (LA) filling pressure and atrial wall pressure, which affects the renin‐angiotensin system, calcium handling, profibrotic and proinflammatory pathways, all of which promote electrical and structural remodeling of the atria and contribute to the development of atrial fibrillation (AF).2, 3, 4, 5