These findings indicate that WT organoids in the presence of tumour-secreted factors, including THBS1, switch their transcriptional programme from a Wnt-dependent homeostatic to a Wnt-independent, YAP-dependent regenerative/foetal-like response, repressing differentiation genes (Figures 1I, 4C and F) without significantly affecting Wnt signalling (Figure 1F, Figure 4—figure supplement 1B). Here, YAP1 is linked to neoplasm.