Importantly, andrographolide analogs with antibacterial activities also possess immunosuppressant activities against the IL-6/STAT3, TLR4/NF-κB and/or TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathways, enabling us to conclude that dual functional andrographolide analogs can play synergistic roles in IBD treatment. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and inflammatory bowel disease.