Our results showed that elevated levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were associated with the disease severity of COVID-19, and elevated levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were associated with the prognosis of COVID-19 cases, and more studies were needed to elucidate the roles of interleukins in the progression and prognosis of COVID-19 to improve the outcomes of patients. Here, IL1B is linked to COVID-19.