IL1B and COVID-19: Our main findings were as follows: (i) levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 were elevated in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy subjects; (ii) levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were elevated in severe COVID-19 cases compared to nonsevere patients, while no significant difference in IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-4 levels between severe and nonsevere patients; (iii) elevated levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were found in nonsurvivor COVID-19 patients compared to survivor ones; (iv) levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were elevated in ICU patients compared to non-ICU patients.