Quantitative analysis of DCBLD2 protein by Western blotting (Figure 1B) confirmed the significant reduction of DCBLD2 protein expression in CAVD, which is associated with a significant reduction in DCBLD2 mRNA expression, as detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (Supplemental Figure 1B). Here, DCBLD2 is linked to congenital bilateral aplasia of vas deferens from CFTR mutation.