Tumor-directed blockade of PD-L1 by a PD-L1 x CSPG4 bispecific antibody enhanced in vitro activation status, interferon (IFN)-γ production, and cytotoxicity of anticancer T cells and so may improve the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade for treatment of melanoma and other CSPG4-overexpressing malignancies [14]. Here, RPL17 is linked to melanoma.