Although IFN-γ is increased in the CSF of the GBM patient with IL-2 or IL-2 and anti-CD3/CD28 mAb treatment and this results in the decreased IL-6/IFN-γ or IL-8/IFN-γ ratio, the IFN-γ secreted from these cells is likely to increase differentiation of GSLCs. Here, CD28 is linked to glioblastoma.