A number of other genes exhibited at least three times as many distal translocations (while still being the closest gene) than directly on the gene, including PIK3C3, EPHA4, SI, ALCAM, NCAM2, CADM2, CDH9, PABPC4L, GRIK2, POM121L12, ACO1, KLHL1, SLITRK1, and SLITRK6. Hyperactivation of PI3K signaling is one of the most common events in human cancers, and PIK3C3 has been shown to promote cell proliferation111 and autophagy112, and its inhibition has shown therapeutic benefit in bladder, hepatocellular (HCC), and colon cancer113–115. This evidence concerns the gene CDH9 and cancer.