CD4 and HIV-1 infection: Altered glutaminolysis (i.e., glutamine lysed to glutamate) and increased plasma glutamate have been observed in several cohorts from both high income (Gelpi et al, 2021) and low- and middle-income countries (Gelpi et al, 2021) and are required for optimal HIV-1 infection of CD4+ T cells (Clerc et al, 2019).