TNNI3 and cardiac hypertrophy: Therefore, in the current study, we aimed to evaluate the oxidative stress in VHD patients and found elevated ROS and biomarkers, CRP, hs-cTnI, and hs-cTnT, while the decline in antioxidant enzyme activities was found in VHD patients suggesting a key role of oxidative stress in the progression of cardiac hypertrophy due to VHD.