APEX1 and cancer: The transition between 1349th base pair T allele and 5th exon of the APEX1 gene and G allele has been widely analyzed in conjunction with a variety of cancers, including pulmonary cancer, bosom caner, and bladder cancer (ASP 148Glu, rs1130409), resulting in the replacement of 148th amino acid aspartate (Asp) to glutamate (Glu) (Asp 148Glu, rs1130409) [33].