TNF and type 1 diabetes mellitus: KEGG results showed that these DEGs were directly or indirectly related to type I diabetes mellitus, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, Th1, and Th2 cell differentiation, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Th17 cell differentiation, the IL-17 signaling pathway, and the TNF signaling pathway (Fig. 2C).