ATP5IF1 and carcinoma: The ratio between IF1 and its target on the ATP synthase, β-F1-ATPase (Fig. 2a), is higher in carcinomas and predicted better OS and DFS for LUAD patients (1.69 ± 0.30 (n = 52) versus 0.50 ± 0.02 (n = 17), p < 0.01 for good or bad prognosis groups, respectively) (Fig. 2b; Table 1).