Similarly, mitochondrial CerS activity was associated with mitochondrial injury in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, and was abolished in c-Jun N-terminal kinase-3 (JNK3)-deficient mice, suggesting a pivotal role of JNK-3 in the regulation of Cer biosynthesis in cerebral ischemia (Yu et al., 2007). Here, CBLN1 is linked to brain ischemia.