For RCC, the three major predictive and prognostic indicators are Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) enzyme (Fig. 5) (Garcia et al., 2009, Sültmann et al., 2005). The gene discussed is CA9; the disease is renal cell carcinoma.