Inflammasome (NLRP3) is a part of the natural immune system, and it has been shown that all components of NLRP3 are present in the HSC, that multiple functions of the HSC are regulated by NLRP3, and that NLRP3 recognizes the release of damage patterns such as DAMPs and PAMPs caused by liver injury, by recruiting and activating proinflammatory cysteine-containing aspartate proteolytic enzyme 1 caspase-1, so that activated caspase-1 activates the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, leading to the activation of HSC and the occurrence of liver fibrosis [51–53]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is Hepatic fibrosis.