TGFB1 and Hepatic fibrosis: CTGF may be a downstream response element of the TGF-β1 pathway and mediates some of the active effects of the TGF-β1 pathway, which allows fibrosis to occur, while CTGF has a role in maintaining fibrosis by activating a series of transduction pathways that induce MFB proliferation and ECM synthesis and promote the formation of liver fibrosis [76, 77].